LIFE PROCESSES: NUTRITION, INTERACTION, REPRODUCTION.
FOUR SYSTEMS TAKE PART IN NUTRITION: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, EXCRETORY SYSTEM, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
CHANGES FOOD INTO NUTRIENTS.
EXCRETORY SYSTEM
ELIMINATES WASTE SUBSTANCES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
TAKES OXYGEN AND RELEASE OTHER GASES
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
MOVES BLOOD WITH NUTRIENTS AND OXYGEN AROUND THE BODY.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
MUSCULAR SYSTEM SKELETAL SYSTEM
SYSTEMS THAT TAKE PART IN NUTRITION
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
OUR DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ALLOWS OUR BODY TO GET THE NUTRIENTS IT NEEDS FROM THE FOOD WE EAT.
DIGESTION
PROCESS BY WICH OUR BODY CHANGES FOOD INTO NUTRIENTS.
1. DIGESTION BEGINS IN THE MOUTH: OUR TEETH CHEW FOOD AND WE MIX THIS FOOD WITH SALIVA.
2. FOOD TRAVELS DOWN THE PHARYNX ANDTHE OESOPHAGUS TO THE STOMACH.
3. IN THE STOMACH FOOD MIXES WITH GASTRIC JUICES TO TURN FOOD INTO A THICK LIQUID.
4. THIS THICK LIQUID TRAVELS TO THE SMALL INTESTINE. THE SMALL INTESTINE BREAKS DOWN FOOD MIXTURE EVEN MORE.
5. THE LIVER AND THE PANCREAS SEND JUICES AND BILE TO THE SMALL INTESTINE.
6. NUTRIENTS ENTER THE BLOOD THROUGH VILLI.
7. WASTE SUBSTANCES GO TO THE LARGE INTESTINE. THE LARGE INTESTINE USES WATER TO CHANGE FOOD INTO FAECES.
8. THE FAECES LEAVE THE BODY THROUGH THE ANUS.
LET'S WATCH SOME VIDEOS
ÉRASE UNA VEZ EL CUERPO HUMANO: LA BOCA Y LOS DIENTES
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The excretory system eliminates waste substances through urine and sweat.
The excretory system is made up of urinary system and sweat glands.
URINARY SYSTEM
PARTS
PROCESS
OUR EYES ARE THE ORGANS OF SIGHT
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LET'S WATCH SOME VIDEOS
MAKEMEGENIOUS: HOW THE BODY WORKS. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ÉRASE UNA VEZ EL CUERPO HUMANO: LA BOCA Y LOS DIENTES
ÉRASE UNA VEZ EL CUERPO HUMANO: LA DIGESTIÓN
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
The excretory system eliminates waste substances through urine and sweat.
PARTS
1. BLOOD ENTERS THE KIDNEYS.
2. KIDNEYS FILTER THE BLOOD REMOVING WASTE SUBSTANCES FROM BLOOD.
3. WASTE SUBSTANCES TOGETHER WITH WATER BECOME URINE.
4. URETERS TAKE URINE FROM THE KIDNEYS TO THE BLADDER.
5. BLADDER STORES URINE.
6. URINE GOES OUT OF THE BODY THROUGH THE URETHRA.
SWEAT GLANDS
1. THE BODY PRODUCES SWEAT IN THE SWEAT GLANDS.
2. SWEAT IS WATER TOGETHER WITH WASTE SUBSTANCES.
3. SWEAT GLANDS ARE ALL OVER OUR SKIN.
4. SWEAT LEAVES THE BODY THROUGH SMALL HOLES CALLED PORES.
5. WE SWEAT TO REGULATE BODY TEMPERATURE.
OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
3. AIR GOES DOWN THE PHARYNX.
4. AIR PASSES THE LARYNX WHERE WE HAVE THE VOCAL CORDS. VOCAL CORDS MAKE SOUNDS WHEN WE SPEAK.
5. AIR GOES DOWN THE WIND PIPE (OR TRACHEA). IT IS A TUBE THAT SEPARATES IN TWO TUBES CALLED BRONCHI.
6. BRONCHI CONNECT THE WIND PIPE TO THE LUNGS.
7. BRONCHI SEPARATES INTO MANY SMALL CAVITIES CALLED ALVEOLI.
8. ALVEOLI EXCHANGE GASES: TAKE OXYGEN AND RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE.
MUSCLES THAT HELP US TO BREATHE
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES: BETWEEN THE RIBS.
DIAPHRAGM: UNDER THE LUNGS
LET'S WATCH A VIDEO ABOUT THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1. AIR ENTERS THE NOSE AND MOUTH AND GOES DOWN TO THE LUNGS.
2. INSIDE THE NOSE WE HAVE THE NOSTRILS. IN THE NOSTRILS WE HAVE SMALL HAIRS THAT STOP DIRT PARTICLES REACHING THE LUNGS.
3. AIR GOES DOWN THE PHARYNX.
4. AIR PASSES THE LARYNX WHERE WE HAVE THE VOCAL CORDS. VOCAL CORDS MAKE SOUNDS WHEN WE SPEAK.
5. AIR GOES DOWN THE WIND PIPE (OR TRACHEA). IT IS A TUBE THAT SEPARATES IN TWO TUBES CALLED BRONCHI.
6. BRONCHI CONNECT THE WIND PIPE TO THE LUNGS.
7. BRONCHI SEPARATES INTO MANY SMALL CAVITIES CALLED ALVEOLI.
8. ALVEOLI EXCHANGE GASES: TAKE OXYGEN AND RELEASE CARBON DIOXIDE.
INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES: BETWEEN THE RIBS.
LET'S WATCH A VIDEO ABOUT THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM MOVES SUBSTANCES AROUND THE BODY:
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| Érase una vez el cuerpo humano: la circulación |
IT TAKES OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS TO ALL PARTS OF THE BODY
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| Érase una vez el cuerpo humano |
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| Érase una vez el cuerpo humano |
AND HELPS REMOVE WASTE SUBSTANCES FROM THE BODY.
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| Érase una vez el cuerpo humano |
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:
BLOOD
BLOOD VESSELS
HEART
BLOOD CIRCULATES THROUGH TUBES CALLED BLOOD VESSELS.
THE HEART IS THE ORGAN THAT PUSHES BLOOD ROUND THE BODY
THE HEART IS AN ORGAN THE SIZE OF A FIST
IT IS BETWEEN THE TWO LUNGS
THE HEARTBEAT IS THE SOUND OF THE HEART AS IT CONTRACTS AND RELAXES.
VIDEO ABOUT THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
SYSTEMS THAT TAKE PART IN INTERACTION
NERVOUS SYSTEM WITH THE FIVE SENSES
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS EVERYTHING WE DO. THE BRAIN RECEIVES INFORMATION FROM THE FIVE SENSES THROUGH THE NERVES AND SEND INFORMATION TO THE DIFFERENT BODY PARTS VIA THE NERVES.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CONTROLS EVERYTHING WE DO. THE BRAIN RECEIVES INFORMATION FROM THE FIVE SENSES THROUGH THE NERVES AND SEND INFORMATION TO THE DIFFERENT BODY PARTS VIA THE NERVES.
OUR EYES ARE THE ORGANS OF SIGHT
LIGHT ENTERS THE EYE THROUGH THE PUPIL, MAKES AN IMAGE ON THE RETINA AND SEND THIS INFORMATION TO THE BRAIN VIA THE OPTIC NERVE.
OUR EARS ARE THE ORGANS OF HEARING
WHEN SOUND ENTERS THE EAR, THE LIQUID INSIDE THE COCHLEA MOVES AND SENDS SIGNALS TO THE BRAIN VIA THE AUDITORY NERVE.
OUR NOSE IS THE ORGAN OF SMELL
AIR ENTERS THE NOSE THROUGH THE NOSTRILS AND THE OLFACTORY NERVE SEND THE INFORMATION TO THE BRAIN.
OUR TONGUE IS THE ORGAN OF TASTE. IT IS COVERED WITH TASTE BADS WICH IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT TASTES.
OUR SKIN IS THE ORGAN OF TOUCH
THE SENSORY NERVES IN OUR SKIN SEND INFORMATION TO THE BRAIN WHICH TELLS US HOW SOMETHING FEELS.
SKELETON, JOINTS AND MUSCLES
THE SKELETON SUPPORTS OUR BODY AND PROTECTS THE DELICATE ORGANS.
MUSCLES HELP US MOVE, GIVE OUR BODIES SHAPE AND PROTECT OUR INTERNAL ORGANS. THEY MOVE OUR BONES BY CONTRACTING AND RELAXING. THERE ARE TWO TYPES: VOLUNTARY AND INVOLUNTARY.
REPRODCUTION
MALE SEX AND FEMALE SEX TAKE PART IN REPRODUCTION.
MALES AND FEMALES HAVE DIFFERENT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS:
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (INTERNAL ORGANS):
OVARIES: INTERNAL ORGANS NEAR THE HIPS.
OVARIES STORE AND PRODUCE OVA (FEMALE SEX CELLS)
FALLOPIAN TUBES CONNECT THE OVARIES TO THE UTERUS.
UTERUS: SPACE IN THE STOMACH. IT IS CONNECTED TO THE OVARIES.
THE FOETUS GROWN INSIDE THE UTERUS DURING PREGNANCY.
VAGINA: CONNECTS THE UTERUS TOT HE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.
VULVA: EXTERNAL ORGAN THAT COVERS THE OPENING OF THE VAGINA.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (EXTERNAL ORGANS)
TESTICLES ARE INSIDE A SKIN SAC (SCROTUM)
TESTICLES PRODUCE SPERM (MALE SEX CELLS)
PENIS IS CONNECTED TO THE TESTICLES BY SMALL TUBES.
THERE IS A SMALL TUBE INSIDE THE PENIS CALLED URETHRA.
SPERM AND URINE PASS THROUGH THE URETHRA TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE BODY.
HOW ARE WE BORN
AT PUBERTY, OVARIES BEGIN TO RELEASE OVA INTO THE FEMALE REPRODCUTIVE SYSTEM.
TESTICLES BEGIN TO PRODUCE SPERM
FROM THE MOMENT IN WHICH OVARIES PRODUCE OVA AND TESTICLES PRODUCE SPERM MEN AND WOMEN ARE FERTILE AND CAN REPRODUCE.
THE SPERM GOES INTO THE WOMAN'S REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND FERTILISES THE OVUM.
HOW LIFE BEGINS
FERTILIZATION
FERTILIZATION BEGINS WITH THE UNION OF THE SPERM AND THE OVUM (OVULE).
IT TAKES PLACE IN THE FALLOPIAN TUBES.
PREGNANCY
PREGNANCY BEGINS AFTER FERTILIZATION.
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DURING PREGNANCY THE BABY GROWS INSIDE THE MOTHER'S UTERUS DURING NINE MONTHS.
THE FUTURE BABY IS CALLED EMBRYO.
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THE EMBRYO IS PROTECTED INSIDE A SAC OF LIQUID CALLED THE AMNIOTIC SAC.
FOOD AND OXYGEN REACH THE EMBRYO THROUGH THE PLACENTA.
THE UMBILICAL CORD CONNECTS THE EMBRYO TO THE PLACENTA.
WHEN THE EMBRYO ORGANS DEVELOP IT IS CALLED FOETUS.
BIRTH
AFTER NINE MONTHS OF PREGNANCY, A FOETUS IS FULLY FORMED.
THE FOETUS MOVES ITS HEAD TO THE OPENING OF THE UTERUS AND PREPARES TO GO OUT.
AS BIRTH BEGINS, THE AMNIOTIC SAC BREAKS AND LIQUID LEAVES THE MOTHER'S BODY.
THE FOETUS LEAVES THE BODY THROUGH THE VAGINA.
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