THERE ARE TWO MAIN GROUPS OF ANIMALS:
THEY HAVE A BACKBONE
THEY DON'T HAVE A BACKBONE
VERTEBRATES CAN BE:
LIFE PROCESSES IN ANIMALS
NUTRITION
MOST REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS ARE CARNIVORES.
MAMMALS, BIRDS AND FISH CAN BE HERBIVORES, CARNIVORES AND OMNIVORES.
MAMMALS HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEETH DEPENDING ON WHAT THEY EAT.
BIRDS HAVE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BIRDS ACCORDING TO WHAT THEY EAT.
BABY MAMMALS DRINK THEIR MOTHER'S MILK.
RUMINANTS
SOME ANIMALS EAT AND SWALLOW GRASS AND THIS GRASS IS PARTLY DIGESTED IN THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. THEN, THE PARTLY DIGESTED GRASS RETURNS TO THE MOUTH AND THE ANIMAL CHEWS IT TO BREAK IT DOWN MORE AND SWALLOWS IT AGAIN. THE GRASS RETURNS TO THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM WHERE THE PROCESS IS COMPLETED.
SHEEP, COWS, GOATS, DEERS, BISONS, GIRAFFES ARE RUMINANTS.
video sobre los rumiantes
RESPIRATION
MAMMALS, BIRDS AND REPTILES HAVE LUNGS.
AIR WITH OXYGEN - LUNGS - BLOOD - AROUND THE BODY.
CARBON DIOXIDE - LUNGS - OUTSIDE.
FISH TAKE OXYGEN FROM WATER.
THE WATER ENTERS THE BODY THROUGH THE MOUTH.
THE OXYGEN IS ABSORBED INTO THE BLOOD THROUGH THE CAPILLARIES.
CARBON DIOXIDE LEAVES THE BODY THROUGH THE GILLS.
AMPHIBIANS
YOUNG AMPHIBIANS LIVE IN WATER (TADPOLES)
THEY TAKE OXYGEN FROM WATER WITH GILLS
DURING METAMORPHOSIS GILLS CLOSE AND LUNGS DEVELOP
ADULT AMPHIBIANS HAVE LUNGS AND CAN ALSO ABSORB OXYGEN AND EXPEL CARBON DIOXIDE THROUGH THEIR MOIST SKIN.
REPRODUCTION
MOST ANIMALS REPRODUCE SEXUALLY: MALE AND FEMALE OF THE SAME SPECIES (OVA FERTILISED BY THE SPERM).
TYPES OF ANIMALS ACCORDING TO REPRODUCTION: OVIPAROUS, VIVIPAROUS, OVOVIVIPAROUS.
OVIPAROUS ANIMALS:
BIRDS, FISH, REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS ARE OVIPAROUS.
THE EMBRYO GROWS OUTSIDE THE DEMALE'S BODY, INSIDE AN EGG.
THE SHELL OR JELLY AROUND THE EGG PROTECTS THE EMBRYO.
THE EGG ALSO CONTAINS THE NUTRIENTSIT NEEDS TO GROW.
FROGS AND FISH LAY EGGS UNDERWATER AND MANY PREDATORS EAT THEM.
TURTLES LAY EGGS ON LAND. THEY DIG NESTS ON SAND AND BURY THE EGGS TO PROTECT THEM FROM PREDATORS.
BIRDS LAY EGGS IN NESTS IN SAFE PLACES, OUT OF THE REACH OF PREDATORS.
THE EGG HATCH INTO NEW OFFSPRING.
MAMMALS THAT ARE OVIPAROUS ARE CALLED MONOTREMES (PLATYPUS, ECHIDNA).
VIVIPAROUS ANIMALS:
ALMOST ALL MAMMALS ARE VIVIPAROUS.
THE EMBRYO DEVELOPS INSIDE THE MOTHER AND SHE GIVES BIRTH TO LIVE OFFSPRING.
ALL BABY MAMMALS DRINK THEIR MOTHER'S MILK.
OVOVIVIPAROUS ANIMALS:
THEY PRODUCE EGGS BUT THE EGGS DEVELOP AND HATCH INSIDE THE MOTHER. LATER THE MOTHER GIVES BIRTH TO LIVE OFFSRPING.
EXAMPLE: TIGER SHARK.
VIDEO ABOUT SHARK REPRODUCTION FROM "SHARK ACADEMY".
INVERTEBRATES
WE CLASSIFY INVERTEBRATES INTO SIX GROUPS:
ARTHROPODS, MOLLUSCS, ECHINODERMS, ANNELIDS, SPONGES AND CNIDARIANS.
ARTHROPODS
IT IS THE LARGEST INVERTEBRATE GROUP.
ARTHROPODES HAVE AN EXTERNAL SKELETON CALLED EXOSKELETON.
TYPES OF ARTHROPODS: CRUSTACEANS, MYRIAPODS, ARACHNIDS, INSECTS...
CRUSTACEANS
MOST CRUSTACEANS HAVE TWO BODY PARTS: CEPHALOTHORAX AND ABDOMEN.
THEIR EXOSKELETON IS VERY HARD.
THEY HAVE TEN LEGS BUT THE FRONT PAIR OF LEGS HAS CLAWS.
THEY HAVE FOUR ANTENNAE.
MYRIAPODS
THEY HAVE LONG, THIN, SEGMENTED BODIES.
THEY HAVE MANY PAIRS OF LEGS AND TWO ANTENNAE.
THEY LIVE IN DARK, DAMP PLACES.
ARACHNIDS
THEY HAVE TWO BODY PARTS: CEPHALOTHORAX AND ABDOMEN.
THEY HAVE EIGHT LEGS AND UP TO EIGHT EYES.
INSECTS
THEY HAVE THREE BOSY PARTS: HEAD, THORAX AND ABDOMEN.
THEY HAVE SIX LEGS (JOINED TO THE THORAX) TWO OR ANTENNAE.
MOST INSECTS HAVE TWO OR FOUR WINGS.
MOLLUSCS
THIS GROUP IS DIVIDED INTO GASTROPODS, BIVALVES AND CEPHALOPODS.
GASTROPODS
BIVALVES
CEPHALOPODS
ECHINODERMS
THEY LIVE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA.
THEY ARE COVERED BY A HARD, SPINY SKIN.
EXAMPLE: STARFISH.
SPONGES
THEY LIVE IN WATER.
THEY ARE THE SIMPLEST INVERTEBRATES: THEY HAVE NO MUSCLES, NO NERVIOUS SYSTEM, NO CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
video about sponges by Jonathan Bird's Blue World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8a0oNsDEx8
ANNELIDS
THEY HAVE LONG, SOFT BODY WITH MOIST SKIN.
MANY ANNELIDS ARE PARASITES AND LIVE INSIDE THE BODIES OF OTHER ANIMALS.
MOST ANNELIDS LIVE IN WATER, BUT THEY CAN ALSO LIVE ON LAND.
CNIDARIANS
THEY LIVE IN THE SEA.
THEY HAVE A SOFT, JELLY-LIKE BODY WITH ONE OPENING. THIS OPENING IS SURROUNDED BY VENOMOUS TENTACLES.
EXAMPLES: JELLYFISH AND ANEMONES.
vídeo de Sea Studios FOundation
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